Glass-severing machine.



FATENTED JUNE il, NU?! m @5mm SHLL.

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SHEETS-SHEET l f a UW M PATENTED JUNE 1l, 19m'. N. MMSHLL. GLASS Mmmm@ Mmmm:

APPLICATION FILED NOT.7,1905.

SHEETS-SHEET 2V FATENTED JUNE 11, 19o?.

N. MARSHLL GLASS] SEVERIN@ MACHINE,

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 7, 1905.

f1- SEEETS-SHBET f.

' UNITED STATES" PATENT' oEEIoE.

- NORMAN MARSHALL, OENEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS. GLass-SEVl-:FuNc-.iI MACHINE. I i

' xo provide. a' machine which may be successfully used in severing short lengths from a rod of glass tubing. f'

Comparatively shortpieces oi glass tubing are extensively used in the manufacture of inr candescent electric lamps as well as for other purposes and so far as l am aware it has been thepractice hcretoiore to sever these short pieces oi glass tubing from a rod of tubing by drawing the tube along the edge of a ile 2o and at the same time turning the tube so as to score it for a part oi' its circumference, the

tube being then broken while held in the hands ci the operator. In severingthe glass tube in this manner there. is a large waste due 2 5 to imperfect breakingr ol' the tube. at the point wherejit has been drawn across the edge of the file. The manipulation of the tube also requires care and skill on the part oi' the operator and at best this manner ot severing tile 3o tubes is slow and unsatisfactory.

In practicing the present invention the objections to the prior method ol severing glass rods are eliminated and the rods may be divided into short lengths in a rapid and economical mannertherod.beingsevered inasub 'f stantially perle-ct manner and with little or no waste. I accomplish these results by combilling` in a machine .tor severing glass rods devices whirh operate to score. the rod circuml'erentially and break it at the. scored point.

lhe means which l prefer to employ lor scoring the rod circuml'erentially comprise one or more scoring cutters and rod holding` jaws, the scoring cutters or jaws being so mounted that they. may be rotated about the axis of the rod to be severed, thus causing a relative rotary movement between the rod and scor- .ing cutters. After the rod has been scored it is broken at the scored point by deflecting it Sofagainst the cutter or against a support 'close to the cutters, the rod being so held during the breaking that it is not restrained from assuming its natural position under the action l of the Ideficcting forces. When the rod is' thus scored and then deflected either against the cutters or against a support close to the Specification of Letters Patent. .Application led November 7,1905. Serial No. 286.191.

Patented .runs 1 1, 1907.

evenly at the scored point thus-avoiding the waste due to shattering of the"glass at and near the scored point which frequently'occurs in breaking the'rod manually asf'heretofore practiced. The deflection 'of the rod to cause the breaking at the scored point may be produced by applying pressure tothe rod at one or both sides of the scored pointer may be produced by supporting the rod-at both sides of the scored point Vand applying deflecting scored point, the rod will break cleanly and force at or near thev scored point byvlateral movement of the cutters or of the support over which the tube is deiected.

hevarious features of the invention will be set forth inthe claims and will be understood from the ollowin detailed description Y of the mechanisms in w ich I have embodied them. For the purpose of illustration- I 'have shown two formsof machinesembodying the broader features of my invention and it will be understood that .other forms of-1nechan ism than those shown may be employed for effecting the essential operations incident to the scoring and to the scoringand. brea of the rods in a practical and successful manner.

In the accompanying drawings-Figure 1 is a plan view of a machine embodying the various features ofthe invention in one of the forms in which I prefer to` use them; Fig. 2 is a vtransverse sectional viewthrough the, axis of the holding and scoring devices 'shown in Fig. l g Fig. 3 is a detail plan view showin the arrangement of the scoring cutters; Fig. 4 is an elevation looking toward theleft in Fig. 1, many of the parts being omitted for the. sake of clearness; Fi 5 is a lan view of a diil'erent form of mac ine embodyingthe invention; Fig. (i is a vertical section through the center of the machine,- certain parts being shown in elevation; Fig. 7 is a detailshowin the driving mechanism for the rod holding. clamps; Fig. 8 is a' detail showing the cams for operating the scoring cutters; Fig. 9 is a detail showing the cam for operating the feeding stop. and breaker fingers. Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic view showing the `manner of breaking the rod. 1

In the construction'of machine shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, the rod of tubing- W locv which is to bedivided into short lengths is z at the scored point.

luwer'end. 4In this construction during the scoring operation the rod of tubing is held from rotation between two clamping jaws t A A'. Y The clamping jaw A is formed at the on the inner ends of lerers 1S',

outer end of a fixed arm A while the claniping jaw A is formed on the outer end of a bell-crank lever A pivoted to the franie of I the. machine and forced toward the jaw A by i The faces of the clamping jawsv4 a spring A. 'are curved so as to conform somewhat to the curvature of the glass tubing, the curvature of the jaws however being somewhat greater than the curvature. of the tubing. 'llie faces of the jaws are also curved in a direction longitudinal of the tube,`as indicated at a l"ig. 2,

y so that the jaws bear against the tube about a circumferential line and will thus' allow the tube to assume .a natural. jmsition-vi'hen.` rasped by the jaws and also `during any leection of the tube when itis beingl broken Tlie scoring cutters B, of which there. are four in the construction shown, are carried These cutter carrying levers l' areA secured to the lower ends of rock shafts Bfwliich are mountedl in 'l`he rock shafts and' attached cutter carrying levers may'be adjusted vertically to bring the cutters into exact aline- Inent by means of adjusting mits threaded upon the shafts and arranged in slots B5 formed between arms B and the upper end ofthe head on which the arms are formed. These nuts are held in position upon the rock shafts by means of binding screws B7.

Ther-utter carrying head" is mounted in the stationary lplate li and is held fricfriction surfaces 'B9 and after the friction has been properlyl adjusted the nut B" is heldin position upon"flile head bytightening the clamping bolt B", v 'lhe .cutter carrying bead is provided with a central opening B" for the passage of the rod of tubing.

The cutter carrying levers B' are operated to force the cutters against the glass tubing and the cutter carrying` head is revolvedto .carry the cutters circuniferentiaily about the tubing by means of an actuating ring C which lsniounted co'ncentricallt"with thecut'ter head.' f'lliis actuating ring C is mounted to rotatewitliin a recess formed-jin the under sid, es of the plate Bf', beingdieldin `said-recess.by means of ananntrl'ar plate C'. The ring C is connected with the cutter carrying levers B by means of pins'Cz projecting downwardly from the ring through slots '(l" formed in the levers.

When the ring is moved in` the direction of the arrow Fig. t the pins C" acting in the slots (,5 will swing the levers B' abouttheir pivots` forcing the cutters B inward against the glass tubing.f

When the inward movement of the cutters is. arrested by their engagei'nent with the glass tubingy the continued movement of the ring will rotate .the cutter carrying head and" thus move the cutters circunifcrentially about the tubing at the same time maintaining the pressurcof" the cutters against the tubing.. The force with which the cut.- ters are pressed against the tubing will alepend upon the frictionalresistance olli-red to the rotation of the cutter head by the' friction surface B and this friction maybe adjusted .to secure the proper operation of the cutters for the class of work which is be-` ing performed. completed und the ring(.`V is rotated in the reverse direction the first movement of the ring will carry the pins (Pto the outer ends of the slots (33 thus swinging thecutters backl away froni the tubing and then continued movement. of the ring will rotate tlu` After. the scoring has been-- cutter'cairying head and thus return the..

cutters to their initial position.

While the cutters are still in engagement. with the tubing and at the time that two of the cutters are in. poliiition to support the tube on tliejside pp `site the fixed jaw A, pressure is aljjtplietjct tlie lower end of the tube on tlie=1sitiiit-iile as the fixed jaw A., 'lhis pressure in connection with the resistance offered by the fixed jaw A tends to dcllect the tube Iagainst the. supporting cutters. By this means the tube is broken at 'the scored point without any material shattering of, the. glass at this point. lvii' the. construction shown the device for a iplying 'pressure to the lower end of the tu e consists of a breaking finger l) formed von the upper end ol` a pivoted lever D. 'l`hc lever 1) is pivoted at l)' and is'beldin normal position by a spring IY. 4ln addition to Vthe ireaking finger l) the lever D also carries an adjustable. supportD upon which the lower-end ofthe tuberests during the scoring 1operation and which forms an adjustable feeding stop for determining the length of tube to bel severed from the end of the rod`of tubing.v 'llie pivot'l)2 of the lever D is arranged back of the vertical line of the .tubing so that when. thev lever is swung forward to bring Ythe breaking finger I) into engagement with the lower end of the tubing the stop D4 is moved downward away from the lowerend of theV tubing so that it will `notprevent the tubing from assuming a natural position under the detle'cting pressure applied thereto. I- prefer also to provide t e'finger D withan engaging surface curved in the direction of the tubing` so that 856,973 il, t i 3 it will bear upon the tubing along a circumferential line` and will not tend to prevent the tube Afromassuming the 4position lwhich it' wouldfnaturally assume under the inlluence I i' ofthe deflecting strains.

I'n'the form of mechanism shown 'the parts alreadydescribed areoperated from a reciprocating bar E. "Thisbar is connected' v with1 v the operating ring C b vmeans of a rack 'xo E formedon the bar-and engaging a gear E2 formed on the operating ring. 'As the bar E is ijeciprocated the ope-rating ring is oscillated through itseonnection to operate the Scor# ing cutters and carry them vcircumferen- 15J/tially about the tubing in -the manner described. The pivoted gripper jaw carrying vleverfA is operated at proper intervals to openand-tclose the rod h'oldin gripper jaws bymeans of a cam E4 mounte .on the bar E zo" and arranged to engage a roll carried by the' lever A3. The cam Ei is formed on an arm E pivotedl tothe bar E and held vieldspringl'fll .During the forward movement 25 of theA bar E the cain .E4 strikes'the roll and the arm Efyieldsto allow the cam to pass idly `bthe ro'll ESQ' As soon as the cani has passe( 'the lroll,4 the spring Ereturnsthe caml to normal position and during the return 3o movement of the bar E the'cam act-s against L tlieirll'E5 to op'en the jaws of the rod holdin 'gripper so that "the feed of the lrodl ta es place, after` which the roll E5 rides 'olf the end ofthe cam so` that the ripper jaws 35 close upon the rod of tubingandhold it pre1 1nglv in 4position against a stop E7 vby al paratoryto the next scoring operation. As

the scoring is completed and the bar`v E reaches the end of its forward stroke, a pin E carried by the liar strikes a `pin El which pro.

4o jects laterallyl from the lever D and swings fthe lever D toward the right in Fig. 4, thus effecting the breaking operation. i

vTo facilitate the introduction of the rod of tubing into the machine and to insure the 45 proper positioning of the tube u )on the feed A'stop D* when the'downward feed takes place, guards F F may be-secured to" the3 'lpping jawaand the breaking finger re. spec ive I,asindicated in Figs. 2 and/1'.- 5o This machine'- which. has been just described provides a simple and efficient mech; anism by`which rodsiof tubing may be. rapidly, accurately and economically divided into short lengths and the vcons'tructionis 5 5 well' adapted for the arrangement of a series of machines in close proximity to each otherwhere they may be operated bya single rfcciprocating bar and Where'a number of ma# chinos may. be conveniently attended vtoby 6o asingleoperaton 'x1 In4 Figs. 5to 10 a difl'erentiform of machine -embodying the' invention is 'show n. In the-machine shown in these res thre rod of tubing lsfarran'ged horizontal y'duiing'the siscoring and feeding and the relative rotary of the tube movement between the cutters and tubing is produced by-rotating the 'tu'bingliiisteadl of rotating the cutters as in the 'construction previously described. "lhc rodis held andl rotated-by means'of two gripping jaw'sitl 7o formedvon the'forward end ofatube'G. f1 The jaws are curved laterali v-,V- the curvature of the jaws being somewhat greater tliaii tli'e curvature of th'erod of tubing Whichis'to'lie acted upon's indicated in Fig.` "s 7 5 are also curved longitudinally soth'at they bear upon the tubing along a c ircun'iferential line and do not prevent the tubefroni ass'uhii ing its 'natural )osition when'litis deflected during the breallrii r The jaws G "are spring 8 0 jaws formed by splxttingthe tube- Gloiig itu dinall)T at its forward end andthe o utelype,- riphery of the jawsis.conical' to engage-'a conical bearing ina rear G2 'withwliiclitlie tube G is connected' )y means of-Lakejzaui-l 85 slot connection G3. The jawsare closed'to lvripthe rod of tubing by forcingi thel tiibcti orward, the conical bearing in the goviLIEQ-i. forcing the spring jaws- G.in iyar 1 l W hen the pressure upon tlie 'tulie G whiclifprcesiit 9fi'orward Vis relieved the springgof the j aws aetnin against the conical bearings throwsJt/lte tulle G .backward so tliatthe jaws 'opcnfto allow the'feed of the rodof tnbingtotake place. Tlie tube G is.operated'andcon 9-5 trolled to open and close `the jaws-at' proper intervals by means of-a camIG-'securediftoA the mairijshaft H and engaging enroll-G5- se: cured to a lever Gfthe up erendot wliichfis' forkedand provided wit :tworolls-:(Srl-farl nio` ranved to e rage a fiange vG8 on therearendA ol t 1c tube The gripping jaws l'arefrol tated through the. gear Gby the key andi'slt connection G? which causes these` two "arts to rotate together whileleaviug tletu ieG rc3 free-to' .move-lo `tudinally.` 'Tligear Gzf and the connectelfiigripping jaws areigivelifdhalf revolution at suitable-intervals by'feans of a gear G secured to thevsliaftllgflifllie" gear G2 is provided with ltwo diametri cal l)`f'l ifi'o oppositelocking segments l" andtliefgearf Gf is providedwitliacoperatii 1 cltfiiigfs.e ment G". #During each revoutiorijof`the` shaft H the. gear G 'acts'to vturn the an t l and the .connected j lution andto then I nected jaws in' the position' ,shown inlg While the locking segment'fl1 is passino',

of the locking segments Gf". During .t ie ro -fiold the gearGgfan'd cone,

tary movement of the rod holding jaws the 12e Y scoring of the rod is effected andduring the.'l

interval between' the rotary I uovemants of:

the jaws tlie'bre'akig ofthe rod at the ,scored-A poin't and the iieding of therod preparatory?t t'o the 'next scoring operation is performed 'In the'construction omachineno'w ybein A u o described, there are.' `two `scoring `.cu tters- -I are ranged ondiametrical ly opposite sides of 't'liel tubing so that Ytherodlas scored'about its-en:A t tire circumference during its hall' revolution. 13o

shaft l-I.

. slots J" in. the slide.

'l`lie scoring eutiersare mounted in the upper ends of levers l wliii'ii are forced towar( the ,rod-by a'eoiiiieeliiig spring l2 the tension of which imiyhe adjusted by im adjusting screw l sind nul l. 'lhe levers l' extend oli-opposite 'sides of lhe shaft ll :md are provided witji rolls l"7 arranged .to engage op iositely arranged cams l" \'l'iieli.are securedI to the 'l`l ie `eams l are. so arranged and timed lhatllie sem-ing ruiters are'sepai'ated during the breaking operation .and during the fee-l of the rod and are forced against the rod during its rotary move'iiieiit. The cutters I are so arrangeitjtliat they engage t'lie rod of tubing elose to the. ends of the jaws (i thus scoring ilie rod at a point close to the point where the jaws (i engage the rod.

'l`hc l'eed of the rod is efl'ected by means ol"` two feeding jaws Jpivotedto a slide J.wliici\' is mounted upon d iiidiiig rods J2. The slide is lrietionally helil by adjustable. friction shoes J`-'"; The, jaws J are arranged on opposite sides of the rod of'tubiiig and are provided with rearwardl extending arms Ji" wliicliare connected with a slide-'J by means 'o'f pins Ji'fwhich project dowiiwardly into -The slide J" is guided in a groove iii the iliider side. of the slide J and is operated by a cam J7 which engages a roll. J" carried by the. slide. When the .slide J* is moved forwardby the cam J the first Inovenient of the slide swings the feeding jaws J into engagement with the rod and when the inward movement ol' the jaws is arrested by engagement with the rod the continued -movement ofthe slide J causes the 'jaws and slide J to movel forward, the -rod being 4gripped with a force dependent on the frietional resistance ofthe devices J2" -and car- 4o ried forward by vthe jaws J until it. forward end is arrested by afeeding stop K. During any further movement of the slide J after -the feed of thc rod has been arrested by the stop K, the jawsl J slip idly along,r the rod, When the cam J1 acts to withdraw the slide J the first movement. of the slide causes. the jaws J to swing away from the rod-of tubing eaving it free from any restraint by the jaws during the. breaking operation. The continued rearward movement of the slide'J al'- ter the pins-J5 have engaged the inner ends of the slots i" draws the slide Jand tl'ie jaws J back to, their initial position preparatory to the next forward feed of the rod.

Duringtlie feed of the rod of tubing the Laws G are open and the scoring cutters I are eld back by the cams I". After the feed has taken place the -s'coring cutters move inward to engage the rod of tubing, the jaws G are' closed and lare rotated to give the tubing a half revolution.b After the scoring has 'been' thus performed the sc oj'n cutters arevrctracted and pressure is app ied to the tubing in front of, and at the rear of the jaws G thus deflecting the tube against the rear jaw: G-

the point of sci'iriiig. v

' lhe devices for applying ressure to the consist of two breaking fingers L L which The' levers are operated' at proper intervals by'cams L* if secured to the shaft H and op-V erating upon rollslfli7` which are mounted on the levers L2 L respectively. After the scoring has taken lace'tlieseiingers LL' are moved forwaru by their cams "andpress proximately the -same distance in the rear of lthe jaws G. The pressure of 'these'ffingers tends to deflect the tube in' substantially the inaiiiiersliowii in Fig. forming a support ap ro'ximately vat the scored point against'w iich the vvtubeis cielfected. By reason of the sha G and ol" the'arrangement an of the feeding devices, the rod of tubing-is free to assume itsnaturai osition under the deflect-ing pressure applied) eurately along'tlie s cored line.

scri )ed are those in which I have embodied my invention. and vare those which I consider stood that various chan es in the constructions and arrangements andintli'e'details features of invention in machines designed to o erate under particular conditionsand the mechanisms most efficient vfor the lclass of wrkw'hicli is to he performed.

the features of invention may be embodied, what I claim is ing in combination, rod holding. jaws, means one or more scoring'euttersarid means for the cutters `and rod to score the 'rod circum-v ferentially.

lwliieli supports the'tube approXimatel-yat against the rod oi tubing, the finger L engag ing tlieftnbing nearl its forward end and the finger L engaging the rod of tubing at ap` .10', the rear jaw G e of the jaws .construction 'llie feeding stop K .may be adjusted to stop may not interfere'witli t'zheproperA ire'aking opera-` tion. For this purpose and in'order to simi i whichcarries the` it of' advantage toernploy, it will be under-V of the parts may be made, in embodyingthe whic may be found desirable -inrendering4 i/Vitliout attemptingto set forth in detail* the various 'forms and constructions in which.

for opening said jaws for the feed o'f the rod' causing a relative rotary movement between `tube and thus breaking it at t ie scored point,

are carried at the upper ends of leversL L.

by thebreaking lingers and the tube broken eveniy andate- IIO' 1.' A machine for severing' glass-rods having ir. combination, rod holding jaws means 2. A machine for severing glass rods hav-V for opening said jaws for the feed of the rod and closing the jaws, one'or' more scoring cutters, means for'causin'g a relative rotary movement betweeiithe cutters and rod, and rod breaking means.

4. A machine for severing glass rods having in combination, rod holder jaws, anda scoring device, one of said Adevices being mounted for rotation about the axis of the Tod and means for opening said jaws for the fced of the rod.

5'. 'A machine forsevering glass 4rods having in combination, rod holding means, a plurality of scoring cutters, means for forcing the cutters radially inward against the rod, and means for causing a relative rotary movement between the cutter or cutters and holding means about the axis of thc rod to score the rod.

v 6. A machine for severing glass rods having iii combination, rod holding means', one or more scoring' cutters, means for forcing the cutter or cutters against the rod, means for causing a relative rotary movement between the cutter lor cutters and holding means about the axis of the rod to score the rod, and means Vfor breaking the rod.

' 7. A machine for severing glass rods having in combination, rod holding jaws. one or I more scoring cutters', 'means for forcing the cutters against the rod, means for opening the jaws for the feed of the stock and for closing the jaws, means for causing a relative rotary movement between the cutters and holdin aws and means for breaking the rod g i i at the scored point.

8. VA machine forsevering glass rods having in combination, devices for scoring a rod circumferentially, means for engaging the rod o n opposite sides of the scored point and deflecting it against a support approximately at the scored point.

9.: Av machine for severingr glass rods having in combination, rod holding jaws, a feed stop,. meaiis for opening the jaws for the feed of ther-oil,l one or more scoring cutters, means' for irloving the cutters toward and away. from.' the rod, means for causing a'relative rotary movement 'between the vcutters and jaws. Y 1C. A machine for Severin 'glass rods having in combination, rod hol in devicesrllie;

or more scoring cutters, an a 'b rea finger.

or more scoring cutters, ,av breaking finger, and a feed sto l 1. Amachine for severing glass rodsjhav- Y ing in combination, rod holding devices, one

12.- A machine'for severingrods having in combination, 4rod ho tially a circumferential line, meanscoper'- ating therewith to score the rod cii'cumfer.-

entially, and 'a breaking finger. i 12.5. A machine for severiig glass rodsh'aving in combination, rod hol l5. A machine for severing glass rods havng jaws con.v structtl to engage. the rod along'substanmg devices, one or more scoring cutters, one or more cari-1ers ing in combination,- a frictionally held cutter carrying head, a cutter lever mounted thereon, and au actuating-ring connected with thev lever.

16. A machine for severing lass rods having in coinbinatibn a frictiona ly heldeutter carrying head, a cutter lever mounted thereon7 au actuating ring connectedto thelever, a feed stop rod, holding jaws, and a breaking finger.

In witness whereof, 1 have' hereunto SetK my hand, this 1st da ofhNovember 1905iV 'NO MAN' MARSHAIL. inthe presence of i IRA L. FISH,

Kii'rniiiiiivn A. DUGAN. 

